89 : Compassion X And X Strength
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Eventually, Knuckle punches Gon away once again, realizing he still doesn't need to use his full strength. 20 feet away now, Gon spontaneously charges a Jajanken, confusing both Killua and Knuckle. Gon's final attack: he screams, Paper! His Emitter ability shoots towards Knuckle who considers the attack too weak and effortlessly knocks it away. Knuckle hears Gon's voice, behind him now, charging his last Jajanken. He's been fooled a second time, "Rock!" Knuckle screams! However, Gon collapses, completely exhausted. Knuckle is perfectly fine. Killua picks up Gon and carries him away. He says he'll fight Shoot, and Knuckle replies he'll fight for real tomorrow. Killua warns him he better. Once Killua leaves, Shoot enters from the shadows. He tells Knuckle that he is too soft and Knuckle screams back that he is at least doing some fighting.
Biscuit promises to massage Gon back to tip top shape, but is worried Killua hasn't fought this whole time. She challenges Killua to a fight then and there, changing into her overly muscular form. The next day, Gon feels 100%, while Killua's face is still swollen from the brawl with Bisky. Looking back, Killua remembers Biscuit telling him he's too quick to give up, just because the opponent might be stronger. This might lead to him leaving Gon to die. She shows him a graph that explains even someone with "D" strength can fight someone with "B" strength, for example, but Killua always looks to the negative. There are many ways to win a fight, but his is only to run. She tells him if he can't beat Shoot, he'll have to leave Gon's side forever. While Gon and Killua leave, Biscuit waves goodbye as Palm opens the door, more insane looking than usual. Biscuit figures this as a good time to run herself. Knuckle vs. Gon; Shoot vs. Killua: their final battles are round the corner.
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About the author Courtney Ackerman, MA, is a graduate of the positive organizational psychology and evaluation program at Claremont Graduate University. She is a researcher and evaluator of mental health programs for the State of California and her professional interests include survey research, wellbeing in the workplace, and compassion. How useful was this article to you? Not useful at all Very useful 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Submit Share this article:
Previous scholarship has posited that veterinarians experience more anxiety, depression, and compassion fatigue symptoms than the general population. Disclosure of psychological stressors, combined with positive responsiveness, may reduce psychological symptoms. The goal of this study was to test the relationships between disclosure, responsiveness, compassion fatigue, anxiety, and depression.
Veterinarians from a private Facebook online support group were administered a cross-sectional survey using established scales measuring disclosure, responsiveness, compassion fatigue, anxiety, and depression. All scales reported strong reliability and validity.
Pearson correlations and mediation models were used to analyze the data. A small, negative, direct relationship between disclosure and depression was found, yet the more interesting results were that responsiveness had a significant, indirect effect on the relationship between disclosure and compassion fatigue, anxiety, and depression.
Disclosure may be related to decreased experiences of compassion fatigue, anxiety, and depression when responsiveness is also present. Veterinarians may benefit from improved mental well-being knowing that there are opportunities to disclose concerns to peers. Additionally, fellow veterinarians can benefit from understanding how to respond to disclosures in a positive, nonstigmatizing manner.
Coping strategies can reduce the risks of stress on mental and physical well-being; however, effectiveness can vary by situation.10 Social support is a commonly utilized coping strategy characterized by the instrumental, informational, and emotional assistance provided by a significant other, family member, friend, or colleague.10 In this way, disclosure of stressors can allow individuals to receive support and aid others as well as strengthen relationship bonds.6 However, self-disclosure also allows the risk of unfair treatment, exaggerated reactions, unwanted therapy, and retraumatization.6 Responsiveness during disclosure appears to be important for determining the emotional intensity of an event, whether pleasant or unpleasant.11 Specifically, a responsive listener providing verbal feedback has been shown to help unpleasant event memories fade in emotional intensity, while talking with a nonresponsive listener increases emotional intensity.7
A web-based questionnaire was distributed to all members of the NOMV Facebook (Meta Platforms Inc) private online support group using Qualtrics XM (Qualtrics International Inc). The questionnaire (Supplementary Appendix) collected information on disclosure, perceived responsiveness, compassion fatigue, depression symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. An online approach was appropriate in this context because veterinarians use NOMV as a resource to connect with others. NOMV offers a space for users to seek information and resources as well as receive peer support from others in the profession through posting, liking, and commenting in the private group.27
Mediation analysis of cross-sectional data can be ill-advised when the temporal ordering of variables is in question. Responsiveness to disclosure logically happens only after disclosure occurs and so that temporal orientation is not in question. The literature reviewed for this study provides the theoretical foundation for placing self-disclosure before the dependent variables in the mediation analyses. The question of whether lower compassion fatigue, anxiety, and depression symptoms are antecedent to higher levels of self-disclosure is not supported by that theoretical explanation, but findings should be conditioned on the basis of the possibility that the temporal relationships could be reversed.
In this study, a negative, direct correlation between self-disclosure and depression was identified. In other words, as self-disclosure increased, depression symptoms decreased. However, when mediated through responsiveness, veterinarians reported improved outcomes in depression, anxiety, and compassion fatigue symptoms. In essence, veterinarians appeared more likely to gain improved mental health outcomes when they perceived validating, caring, and understanding responses to their disclosures. This is consistent with previous findings on disclosure-responsiveness theory.31,39,41
It was predicted that responsiveness would mediate the relationship between self-disclosure and compassion fatigue. This hypothesis was supported. As responsiveness to disclosure was perceived to be more supportive, the negative effects of compassion fatigue decreased. Assisting clients who are experiencing traumatic events leads to burnout and secondary stress, which may lead to veterinarians experiencing mental health crises. Disclosure, whether it be to peers, mental health-care professionals, or close family and friends, can be an effective coping strategy but only when responsiveness is viewed as caring, understanding, and validating. Additionally, these findings mirror what other scholars have found about the role online peer support groups can play in promoting mental well-being,42,43 especially when empathy is involved.20
In sum, veterinarians who find themselves experiencing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and compassion fatigue may benefit from the opportunity to disclose their concerns. Also, individuals, such as fellow veterinarians, who receive such disclosures from colleagues and peers could benefit from training to respond in a manner that demonstrates understanding, caring, validation, and empathy. Peer support groups should educate group administrators and participants on providing appropriate responses to sensitive disclosures, such as feelings of hopelessness, sadness, and irritability to ensure success. 781b155fdc